AI Industry Map AI 产业链地图 AI 산업 지도
Most AI investing stops at the visible end — a GPU designer and a chatbot. The chain runs much further in both directions. This map lays out 24 layers from the grid that powers a datacenter to the robots at the other end, groups them into 10 tracks, and names the companies whose primary business sits in each one.
Descriptive positioning only. `stance` says whether a company's business is exposed to a layer, never whether to buy it. Layers with no exposure are not recommendations to add any.
How demand propagates · 需求如何传导 · 수요가 어떻게 전달되나
AI demand ↓ more accelerators ↓ more HBM → more advanced packaging → more wafers → more equipment → more materials ↓ more interconnect and optics ↓ more racks → more power → more cooling ↓ more datacenter capacity → more rentable compute ↓ more models, data and agents ↓ more enterprise, vertical and physical applications
1AI EnergyAI 能源AI 에너지
2Semiconductor Materials & Equipment半导体材料与设备반도체 소재·장비
Semiconductor Materials
半导体材料반도체 소재Silicon wafers, photoresist, specialty gases, and process chemicals — few suppliers per node.
Foundry
晶圆制造파운드리Contract wafer fabrication and advanced packaging that turn accelerator designs into silicon.
Semiconductor Equipment
半导体设备반도체 장비Lithography, etch, deposition, inspection, and advanced packaging tools.
3Compute & Memory算力与存储연산·메모리
Compute
算力연산GPUs, AI accelerators, and general-purpose compute silicon for training and inference.
Custom Silicon
定制芯片커스텀 실리콘ASICs and custom accelerator designs (in-house or merchant silicon) for specific AI workloads.
HBM / Memory
高带宽内存HBM / 메모리High-bandwidth memory, DRAM, and the enterprise storage that feeds and retains training data.
4Networking & Optical网络与光通信네트워킹·광통신
5Power & Cooling电力与散热전력·냉각
6Data Center & GPU Cloud数据中心与 GPU 云데이터센터·GPU 클라우드
AI Server
AI 服务器AI 서버GPU servers, racks, and storage systems integrating accelerators into deployable units.
Data Center
数据中心데이터센터Hyperscale and colocation facilities, datacenter REITs, and the construction that builds them.
Cloud
云计算클라우드Hyperscale cloud platforms renting general compute, storage, and managed services.
GPU Cloud
GPU 云GPU 클라우드Accelerator rental: neoclouds, sovereign AI compute, and enterprise private GPU clusters.
7Data & Model Infrastructure数据与模型基础设施데이터·모델 인프라
AI Infrastructure Software
AI 基础软件AI 인프라 소프트웨어GPU runtimes, training frameworks, orchestration, and inference serving.
Foundation Model
基础模型파운데이션 모델Frontier and open models across text, vision, audio, and reasoning; revenue is token-metered.
AI Data
AI 数据AI 데이터Pipelines, embeddings, vector stores, retrieval, labeling, and synthetic data.
AI Platform
AI 平台AI 플랫폼MLOps/LLMOps, model gateways, evaluation, and deployment tooling.
8Agent & Security智能体与安全에이전트·보안
AI Agent
AI 智能体AI 에이전트Agent runtimes, tool calling, MCP, memory, planning, and multi-agent orchestration.
AI Security
AI 安全AI 보안Model, data, prompt, agent, and identity security plus governance — spans the whole stack.